Showing posts with label joe simon. Show all posts
Showing posts with label joe simon. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 9, 2023

A Sick Look at Sick

Sick was a black & white humour magazine that ran from 1960-1980. It started out at Prize Comics, then moved to Hewfred Publications in 1968, then Pyramid Books in 1974 and finally Charlton Comics in 1976. I’ve spent some time indexing issues of Sick for the Grand Comics Database after noticing they had a lot of unindexed issues, just as I earlier indexed most of Cracked magazine for them.

The magazine originated under the editorial oversight of Joe Simon, one of comicdom’s all-time greatest creators and a man with a long association at Prize. I wouldn’t have pegged Simon as a humour editor since most of his work as a writer/artist had been on adventure and romance books but Simon’s tenure (1960-1970) felt as though it had a steady hand guiding the enterprise. Even after he stepped down as editor, he continued to draw most of the covers through the Pyramid Books years. It’s not clear to me how much he had to do with the interiors - many stories in the early years had sporadic credit boxes - but he seems to have been a very good editor on the series.

When talking about black & white comic book humour magazines, eventually you have to mention Mad - it was considered the industry leader. It’s been said that Cracked was the magazine kids bought when they wanted entertainment while waiting for the next Mad to arrive - indeed, that Cracked staggered their months of publication to ensure that since they and Mad printed 8 new issues per year, every month that didn’t have a new Mad would be a month when they shipped Cracked. But if Cracked was what kids bought after Mad, whither Sick? How did Sick remain afloat for 20 years?

Sick benefited from having a lot of exceptional talent in its early days. Simon’s art director was the phenomenal Bob Powell up ‘til his death in 1967. Powell seemed to set a “house style” in the manner John Severin did for Cracked. Early contributors included Angelo Torres, Leo Morey, Jack Davis and Vic Martin; Don Orehek came and went at various times simultaneous to his Cracked career.

But more than that, Sick seemed to have a particular audience in mind when it launched. It was attempting to reach a sophisticated audience, perhaps a bit older than Mad’s readers. As time went by it set its sites lower and eventually became dominated by film and television parodies just like what Mad and Cracked were printing, but the first few years have a lot of political content and an emphasis on monologues. Writer/editors Dee Caruso and Bill Levine wrote monologues for comedians and adapted their work to Sick. It makes Sick very much a product of its times, very much navel-gazing at contemporary culture, but I do respect that initially the goal wasn’t necessarily to target the same kids & college students who were reading the better-known magazines.

But there were clear missteps along the way. Unlike Mad and Cracked, Sick never quite got a handle on repackinging its contents as reprints. That was one way Mad kept fans coming back during their skip months - there would be a ‘special’ of some sort that was mostly reprinted material. In time, Mad and Cracked published specials like clockwork. But although Sick printed a few specials here and there it was very scattershot and irregularly published. Sick made a deal to repackage their stories in paperbacks like the other magazines had, yet those books don’t seem to have made waves.

Powell’s death in 1967 led to Bernard Wiseman assuming the role of art director. Wiseman was a gifted cartoonist but his work skewed younger than Powell’s and Sick definitely became more kid-friendly under his tenure. I suppose I should also mention the magazine’s mascot; originally it was Dr. Sickmund, but in 1963 they knowingly went for an Alfred E. Neuman imitator called “Huckleberry Fink” who would remain with the magazine in some form up ‘til the end. Fink’s arrival was one of many signs that Sick had an identity crisis going on as they struggled to find oxygen in a Mad-heavy environment.

Simon’s successor as editor in 1971 was Paul Laikin, who had previously been editor of Cracked; he left the magazine when it moved to Charlton and moved on to Marvel’s Crazy magazine, then back to Cracked; heck, at one time he wrote for Mad - he was very much a career-humour magazine man. But having indexed Cracked and Crazy, I had a hunch Sick under his tenure would read much like the other magazines - and it did. Lots of familiar names from other Laikin books turned up (Eden Norah; Aron Mayer; John Langton; Lugoze; Caracu; Tony Tallarico), reprints became more common (usually 1 story per issue) and a reduction in the number of comic art stories and corresponding rise in the number of text features.

Common to all the humour magazines I find is an inability to make deadlines. Harvey Kurtzman’s Mad constantly had to fill pages with reprints from earlier issues, his “Hey Look” stories from Marvel or even old Punch magazine articles (indeed, I don’t think Al Feldstein gets enough credit for keeping Mad on the rails when he succeeded Kurtzman). But one popular trick of Kurtzman’s was to use text features (often written by he himself) to quickly fill pages. I sense that Laikin was a kindred spirit to Kurtzman; not a gifted artist like he, but similarly in a quagmire about how to fill 52 pages almost every month. A popular Laikin tactic in several magazine series was to present a parody of a famous poem in the public domain; that way Laikin could print the original poem on 1 page, his parody on the 2nd page. That’s 2 pages of easy content!

If I found the Laikin years a bit lackluster, that’s nothing on the Charlton years. Charlton was infamously the bottom rung of the comics industry, the place where otherwise-unemployable talent went to die (or find creative freedom if you’re Steve Ditko). By the time Sick arrived at Charlton it had lost just about everything that might have given it any cache; the series’ old recurring features were dropped and the logo redesigned while very few long-time contributors were still puttering around (Bill Burke being the biggest exception). Artist and 1960s contributor Jack Sparling took the reins as editor and also seems to have drawn the majority of stories during the Charlton era.

The Charlton era at least brought in some unusual talent. It’s not surprising to see a Charlton workhorse like Joe Gill churning out stories for Sick, but it is a bit surprising to find Arnold Drake writing a great deal for Sick at a time when he was still a busy DC Comics freelancer. Drake’s stories for Sick have a veneer of contempt for super heroes and particularly Stan Lee, who became parodied in Drake’s “Ego-Man” stories. Drake was one of DC’s funniest Silver Age writers, but I find his Marvel work underwhelming; perhaps he had some lingering resentment to Marvel that inspired Ego-Man.

The Charlton Sick also had able work from Dave Manak, but the era feels mostly cheap and sleazy. Cheap because the typewriter font used at that time looked very unprofessional. Sleazy primarily due to Jack Sparling’s recurring feature “Cher d’Flower” which appeared in the back of the magazine and featured a naked woman lounging in every panel (yet always framed in a manner to prevent actual nudity on the page). Perhaps Sparling saw the suggestive art Bill Ward worked into Cracked and figured he could do him one better, maybe get some publicity by provoking a boycott of his magazine. The “Cher d’Flower” stories are too risqué for children, too juvenile for adults.

In all, Sick is just barely remembered now and unlikely to be rediscovered and celebrated but for those willing to sift through, it had some diamonds in the rough.

Monday, September 25, 2017

Happy National Comic Book Day!

As today is National Comic Book Day it seems appropriate to pause and consider one's thoughts towards that medium. Comic books have been frequently disparaged in our society but the recent huge appeal super hero films have obtained in Hollywood motion pictures have granted the super hero genre - and thereby, comic books - a familiarity and prestige they have often lacked, to the point that the super hero film's 'cinematic universe' style is what every Hollywood studio now seeks to exploit.

Comic books have used every possible genre type in their pages, but super heroes are the one genre which comic books themselves gave birth to; for virtually every other genre represented in comic books there is a clear source of adaptation from another medium, be it prose, film or dance. When Superman debuted in Action Comics #1 he was essentially the first super hero - or at least the first character whose attributes fit those we came to associate with super heroes: he was powerful, wore brightly-coloured tights and used his power to help the defenseless. As the super hero genre came from comic books it makes sense that they dominate the medium...

...To the extent that the medium persists, that is. Super hero comic books hit a peak thanks to World War II as many of them (such as Captain America) were created specifically to combat Hitler. With the war's conclusion, the heroes struggled to define their goals and audiences lost interest. The genre picked up some steam in the 1960s and finally broke out in a big way due to the hit 1989 film Batman, but within a decade of that picture the industry nearly slit its own throat as a speculator-based comic book economy crashed; comics retreated to their familiar niches.

Today, sales of super hero comic books are in a state of constant decline as the corporate owners try desperately to reignite interest in the characters by changing their powers/origins/genders/ethnicities, only to eventually succumb to the inherent entropy of the audience. The arrival of a Captain Marvel motion picture has a large number of fans stoked; meanwhile, the character's comic book has been on life support for years.

Perhaps the super hero comic book business has become too insular, too repetitive, the same ideas played out over and over by increasingly jaded creative teams to an increasingly jaded audience. Perhaps it could be instructive to look back to where the genre began, to the creators who originated the super hero tropes which are now being subverted, deconstructed or taken for granted. The early super hero comic books were crudely made and would happily cannibalize each other's ideas even as today's arguably do. But for Captain America's creators Joe Simon & Jack Kirby you see a hero designed to face a real threat - not a metaphorical/allegorical stand-in for that threat either - Captain America was created as a response to Adolf Hitler.

This is true as well of Joe Shuster & Jerry Siegel when they originated Superman. Look to the first appearance of Superman and you find a hero very concerned in the issues of the time for the prewar US. In Action Comics #1, Superman has four separate unconnected adventures in a mere 12 pages! First, he prevents an innocent person from being executed; second, he rescues a woman from her abusive husband; third, he battles organized crime; finally, he combats war profiteers.

The concerns of the USA in the late stages of the Great Depression are not the same as those which we have today. In some ways, super hero comic books of today are still grappling with issues of late 1930s USA, such as their conception of organized crime or foreign wars. But even there in Action Comics #1, Superman was concerned with upholding legal justice (preventing an innocent woman from being executed) and social justice (turning the tables on an abusive husband).

At times I wonder if super hero comic book creators can see the trees from the forest. In the past, there was certain content which super hero comics could not (nor should have) addressed directly, but today there is no particular subject matter which ought to be avoided, particularly as the super hero genre is read overwhelmingly by adults, not children. At one time, it made sense to discuss racial troubles through the metaphor of mutants, as the X-Men did; but today's issues surrounding race would be better served by telling stories about those races and their difficulties.

If you want to write a super hero comic book but don't want your voice to be lost in the throng of a hundred other voices, this is my advice to you: Write about the time and culture which you live in. Do not think that the problems of today cannot be overcome because, after all, Simon & Kirby witnessed the fall of Hitler. In spite of it all super heroes have a capacity to inspire audiences, even the jaded Wednesday warriors at your local comic book shop.

My sincere thanks to Jerry Siegel & Joe Shuster for granting comic books a character, a genre and a whole system of tropes which have kept this lovely medium afloat over the last 80 years.

Thursday, April 23, 2015

Wonder of Wonders: Ross Saakel's Captain Wonder

In the last two years I've had a great opportunity to expand my knowledge of World War II Canadian comic books - the so-called "Canadian whites." Among those characters I've discovered is Captain Wonder, a super hero who appeared in Triumph Comics stories created by Ross Saakel.
I most certainly will not!

The Captain Wonder series began in Triumph Comics #7 (1942) and you can read the early stories for yourself at the Digital Comic Museum. Our hero's origin is fairly typical for a comic book of the day: a yogi in the Himalayas calls upon the gods of Valhalla to grant their powers to a young Canadian man whom the yogi raised after his parents were killed. Kind of a Mulligan stew of super hero origins. With his newfound powers and the identity of Captain Wonder, the young man returned to Canada to fight crime!

Even they're being sarcastic about these tropes!

Captain Wonder's first adventure pit him against a mad scientist called Frank N. Stein, which may give you some conception of how much care and originality went into crafting those tales. However, that's not exactly what I want to talk about. I'd like to talk to you today about swiping. Perhaps it's not too surprising to begin with Bob Kane - he is, after all, notorious for signing his name to the work of other artists and tracing much of his own work. And yet here, in Triumph Comics#8, Kane was himself swiped by Saakel!

Top: Bob Kane, Detective Comics #33 (1939); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #8 (1942)

Now this isn't such a terrible swipe - the Batman pose has proven to be a popular one for artists to swipe over the years and considering the conditions artists had to labour under in the 40s, you can't blame them for the occasional tracing.

The thing about Saakel, however, is that he didn't trace occasionally - he traced frequently!

Top: Jack Kirby, cover, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #13 (1943)

I think Ross Saakel really enjoyed Marvel's Daring Mystery Comics #6, an early Marvel offering with some of Jack Kirby's earliest art for the company. Saakel loved that issue so much that he - well - traced the ever-lovin' almighty out of it! He must have pressed his pencil over the pages so many times they turned back into pulp! Not only did he lift his layouts from Kirby & Joe Simon's cover and interior pages but he also made liberal use of the dialogue!

Top: Jack Kirby, Marvel Boy story, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #8 (1942)

He did, at least swap some names, such as the Nazi spy Stohl being changed to Storhm, while the submarine commander Strohm was renamed Stohl by Saakel.

Top: Jack Kirby, Marvel Boy story, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #8 (1942)

But then he lifted most of the dialogue too! "Still the old destroyer dodger, eh Strohm?" became "Still the old destroyer dodger, eh Stohl?" And likewise with the submarine commander's response.

Top: Jack Kirby, Marvel Boy story, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #8 (1942)

These panels I'm posting constitute only a minority of the Captain Wonder art from Triumph Comics #8, but it's possible there are other swipes I haven't yet identified - another sequence where Captain Wonder attacks a submarine could have easily been traced from a Sub-Mariner comic - not an accusation I'd normally lob at an artist, but with Saakel, the more I see of his work, the more I wonder how much of it was his own work.

Top: Jack Kirby, Fiery Mask story, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #9 (1942)

Saakel went on to pen a multi-part story where Captain Wonder battled the Devil himself. However, as you can see by comparing the introductory text above, he again lifted his layouts from Daring Mystery Comics #6 - this time from Joe Simon & Jack Kirby's Fiery Mask story.

Top: Jack Kirby, Fiery Mask story, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #9 (1942)

Most of the swipes are found in part one of the story, leaving me again to wonder where Saakel might have swiped the rest of the battle with the Devil from (a Spectre story?). The sheer amount of swipes in this one story is staggering.

Top two: Jack Kirby, Fiery Mask story, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #9 (1942)

At some point you have to think Bell Features should have cut Joe Simon & Jack Kirby a cheque! Bell Features came into existence in 1941 to fill the gap caused by restrictions on importing comic books from the USA. That means Canadians would have already had a chance to see Daring Mystery Comics #6 for themselves in 1940. Then again, in those days reprints were frequent and not normally identified as such. Is a swipe really that much worse than a reprint?

Top: Jack Kirby, Fiery Mask story, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #9 (1942)

Yes, a thousand times yes! To lift one's plot, layouts and dialogue from another comic book without crediting them was unfair of Saakel to his US counterparts, even if they were much better reimbursed for their work.

Top: Jack Kirby, Fiery Mask story, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #9 (1942)

And yet, I'm more bemused than outraged. Saakel lifted so liberally from his copy of Daring Mystery Comics #6 that I half-expected to see a tracing of Stuporman somewhere in Triumph Comics!

Top: Jack Kirby, Fiery Mask story, Daring Mystery Comics #6 (1940); Bottom: Ross Saakel, Triumph Comics #10 (1942)

Hey, not every Canadian comic could be as good as Nelvana (Captain Wonder's stablemate at Triumph). Saakel churned out some cheap super hero fare for very little pay and expected his work to be almost instantly forgotten. Between you and I, we've now spent more time considering Saakel's work than probably anyone else in the last few decades. As the history of Canadian super heroes continues to be unearthed and archived, Saakel is perhaps destined to a form of immortality and while he was no Adrian Dingle, he was (probably) not malicious about tracing other people's work. And what better artist to be rediscovered in this age of reboots and relaunches than a tracer? He was into retellings before it was cool!

Saturday, July 14, 2012

On Joe Simon & Jack Kirby's Boys' Ranch

I'm not particularly fond of the western genre within film, television and literature. However, I have developed something of a fondness for certain comic book westerns. The western genre is based on falsehood - the idea of a rough, Wild West filled with spectacular gun battles and savage combat with Natives, but the real world version wasn't quite as consistently exciting or even as violent. Most of our ideas about the Old West come from Hollywood, subject to many cliches, stock characters and stock plots; western comics books are an embellishment of an already-embellished reality. Perhaps this is why Jack Kirby, the great embellisher, turned out to be well-suited to the western genre.

Jack Kirby's hasn't received as much attention as his popular super hero work; perhaps we ought to consider his westerns a little more seriously, given that Kirby reportedly wished he'd been given more opportunities to create westerns, but the market was seldom in his favour. Kirby's Marvel westerns are certainly lively as he brought a super hero sensibility to the material, such as renovating the Two-Gun Kid into a masked crimefighter with a double life as a lawyer (and thoughtful Kirby diagrams of how his costume functioned; seriously). Kirby's Rawhide Kid delivered memorable foes such as the Living Totem, the space alien who just happened to resemble a totem pole. This may have been unintentionally funny, but I maintain if you check out the Rawhide Kid, you'll find some of the most intentionally funny stories Stan Lee & Jack Kirby ever collaborated on.

Although I'm very strong on Kirby's Marvel career (I've read every single Marvel comic Kirby drew), I'm certainly weak on the other vistas of his legacy, probably most so in the years 1945-1956 when Kirby was starting up his own publishing house with long-time collaborator Joe Simon, only to be put out business soon after the Comics Code-era market crash. Among these Simon/Kirby joints (with art assists from Mort Meskin) was 1950-1951's Boys' Ranch (often given on the cover as "the Kid Cowboys of Boys' Ranch Featuring Clay Duncan), through Harvey Comics. For some reason, in 1992 Simon & Kirby had all six issues reprinted in a deluxe hardcover via Marvel Comics (edited by Tom Brevoort, no less!). I saw a couple of articles advertising Boys' Ranch at the time, but I didn't get a sense of why I should be interested; after all, it was no more a Marvel product than most of their Epic Comics output. Even if I had been interested, $40 was a lot to spend on just six comic books; I bought only a few trade paperbacks in those days and my limit was usually $15.

With the Boys' Ranch hardcover well out-of-print, why would it be worthwhile to go chasing this product down? Credit one Colin Smith, who praised the series to the high heavens in a recent article found at Sequart. I was intrigued and it took only a few minutes of shopping to procure a copy at Alibris (plug: along with a copy of the out-of-print Jack Cole's Plastic Man Archives Vol.1! both at reasonable prices!).

Preamble finished; so what is Boys' Ranch concerned with? The setting is a ranch near the town of Four Massacres. Teenagers Dandy (a young Civil War veteran), Wabash (hillbilly teller of tall tales) and Angel (dour long-haired killer) inherit the titular ranch from a dying man; with the help of their scout friend Clay Duncan (blood brother of Geronimo and hence a man at war with two worlds) and the eventual addition of cook Wee Willie Weehawken, they hope to make Boys' Ranch a safe haven for boys of all sorts. The only Boys' Ranch waif we ever meet is Happy Boy, an infrequently-appearing Native child who communicates with the others using sign language. There were multiple stories in each issue, along with special features such as pin-ups and educational pieces on life in the Old West.

Although the series opens with a strong focus on Dandy and Wabash as they meet and journey out west to Four Massacres, in subsequent issues they tend to fall into the background as Simon & Kirby were seemingly more interested in telling stories about Angel and Clay Duncan. Thankfully, halfway through the series' run Dandy & Wabash each become the central figures in one a story apiece. Compared to the serious drama surrounding Angel & Duncan, Dandy & Wabash are certainly light-hearted fellows.

Dandy is introduced to us in issue #1 with a caption declaring: "This is Dandy! Who finds a fight just as exciting as a pretty gal!" We don't see evidence of this until issue 3's "I'll Fight You for Lucy!" In this tale, Dandy tries to defend Lucy, a young woman, from her abusive father; the father sends a strongarm to beat up Dandy, but Dandy wins the fight. At this, Dandy's friends insist he has to marry Lucy. However, Lucy refuses to marry him; rather than feeling sad, Dandy claims he's happy to be free from her because he didn't want to get married. At the conclusion he even ignores an attempt by Wee Willie Weehawken to get him interested in a local woman, declaring he's more interested in feeding the ranch's pigs than going on a date. Thus, by the end of the tale Dandy has essentially sacrificed his one character hook; that's a heck of a way to gain the spotlight!

The laid-back Wabash is introduced in issue #1 as he begins telling a story about grandfather working as a scout for George Washington and dying at the age of 119. This finally bears fruit in issue 3's "the Legend of Alby Fleezer!" In this short story, Wabash tells the other boys a story about his grandfather, Albion Fleezer. In the grand tradition of tall tales like Pecos Bill, we learn Albion created the Mississippi River by blasting a lake with gunpowder. Although Kirby's work often found room for levity, it's always a treat to see him delving head-first into a comic narrative, made all the funnier by Wabash's insistence that he's retelling a "true" story, even as we witness talking crows and gophers.

As I said, Angel & Clay Duncan receive the most attention from Simon & Kirby. There's little to distinguish Clay Duncan from other comic book western heroes of the time; his significant hook is being blood brother to Geronimo, but such heroes were frequently blood brothers to at least one Native (often a famous one). There is some interest in seeing how Clay's relationship with the gun-toting woman Palomino Sue; he repeatedly tries to keep her out of the Boys' violent affairs, but she keeps recurring in the series to get the others out of tight situations.

The outcry over juvenile delinquency in the 1950s led to some of the hue and cry over the content of comics books, supposedly corrupting the minds of impressionable youths. Some media of the time recognized young people didn't belong on a pedestal, such as how children in Ray Bradbury's stories were benevolent half the time, pure evil the other half. Earlier, Simon & Kirby's various kid gangs came about when film's Dead End Kids were popular and the reckless, long-haired Angel is but a distant cousin to James Dean's later Rebel Without a Cause and his hair in particular predicts the hippies of the 1960s. However, Angel's hair is meant to subvert his nature as a killer - a typically "angelic" length of hair to match his "angelic" face and thus, earn his moniker "Angel."

Angel is outwardly a serious, cold-blood youth, quick to anger and insensitive to the feelings of others Despite this, in issue 3's tale "Mother Delilah," when Delilah tries to set up herself up as Angel's long-lost mother, hoping she can injure Clay Duncan through one of his surrogates. Delilah draws out Angel's softer side, then betrays his trust; it's more than young Angel can bear. We learn at least some of Angel's tough persona is masking the character of a lonely young man who desperately wants to be loved; thus we have a double subversion: the physically gentle youngster is outwardly tough but inwardly soft!

Taken together, we have Angel: a tough young man who isn't really tough; Dandy: a young man who claims to love romance, but doesn't really; and Wabash: a teller of tales, all lies. It's quite surprising to discover character written to be both simple and complicated at a level a 1951 juvenile audience would enjoy. Jack Kirby is always worth your time... even if you've got a few prejudices against westerns.

Want more? Check out some Boys' Ranch original art here.

Thursday, December 15, 2011

Joe Simon, RIP

This is shaping up to be a bad week for comic book professionals. Not only did we lose Jerry Robinson earlier this week, today we lost Joe Simon.

Joe Simon was a writer/artist/editor whose early efforts at Marvel included the Fiery Mask...but we're bound to remember him for ages to come because, with Jack Kirby, he created Captain America! The Simon-Kirby partnership went on for more than a decade, through just about every genre of comics (even creating a new genre - romance comics - together). When they parted ways in the 50s, Kirby went on to bigger and brighter things. Simon? Well, he was still out there, but never really an equal to Kirby again.

Personally, I'm very fond of Simon's 1970s DC comic Prez, which told the story of the USA's first teenaged president and his trials against chess-playing robots and vampires. Even by 70s standards, it was too bizarre to last.

We were fortunate to have Simon around as late as we did (he was 98). The giants of the Golden Age of comic books are slowly passing on...show your appreciation while you still can!